What term describes the method by which machine gunners cool down overheated barrels?

The term that accurately describes the method by which machine gunners cool down overheated barrels is the "barrel change procedure." This procedure is an essential part of machine gun operations, particularly in high-intensity scenarios where sustained fire can lead to excessive heat buildup in the barrel.

When a barrel overheats, it can affect performance, accuracy, and reliability. Therefore, the barrel change procedure is employed to quickly replace the overheated barrel with a fresh one, allowing the machine gun to continue functioning effectively. This ensures that the weapon operates within safe temperature limits and maintains operational readiness.

In contrast, while the other terms may relate to aspects of barrel care and maintenance, they do not specifically denote the action of exchanging an overheated barrel in a tactical setting. This distinction makes the barrel change procedure the most precise term for this specific action.